Аграрный вестник Урала № 09 (163) 2017
Биология и биотехнологииУДК:630.451.2:630.232
Effect of elk and roe on forest cultures of pine and spruce conservation
It has been established that out of 2340.1 hectares of the forest cultures created for the 18-year period in the territory of
Sukholozhsky forest area, 22.1 % are written off. At the same time the main reason for write-off of forest cultures is their consumption
by wild hoofed animals. The main harm to forest cultures is done by Siberian roe. At population density of roe equal
to 10.1 pcs/1000 hectares in the 7-year cultures of pine ordinary there are no intact trees; the share of strongly damaged trees
is 79.5 % and dry trees – 6.3 %. Decrease in population density of roe promotes the best safety of forest cultures. However,
even at the density of 5.8 pcs./1000 hectares the share of strongly damaged and dry trees of pine ordinary in 7-year cultures
reaches 56.4 and 1.5 %, respectively. The forest cultures of Siberian spruce are damaged by elk and roe to a lesser extent. So,
in 11-year cultures the share of the intact and poorly damaged trees makes 16.8 and 22.1 % at the density of elk of 2.6 and roes
of 4.2 pcs./1000 hectares. Besides forest cultures, elk and roe intensively consume subgrowth of aspen and birch, regulating
structure of formed young growths. For minimization of damage caused by animals it is necessary to regulate population density
of animals, to create fodder fields and to carry out top dressing during the winter period.
Keywords:
reforestation, forest cultures, conservation, common pine, Siberian roe, elk, Siberian spruce.
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