Аграрный вестник Урала № 11 (165) 2017
Биология и биотехнологииУДК:582. 776. 2:581.54 (477. 75)
BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF GROWTH OF THE EVERGREEN SHRUB OF COMMON MYRTLE (MYRTUS COMMUNIS L.) IN THE CULTIVATING CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN COAST OF CRIMEA
TheNikitsky Botanical Garden, being a pioneer of the Myrtus communis L. introduction(the common myrtle) as the culture, continues comprehensive research on thedevelopment of effective technology for its cultivation, taking into accountthe biological features of growth on the southern coast of the Crimea. Thisculture can be successfully cultivated in those regions of Russia, where thethermal supply is at least 4 120 ℃ of the sum of active temperaturesabove 10 ℃. To start forthputting the thermal amount should be atleast 892 ℃, and for fruits ripening is 3 959 ℃. Theduration of the growing season is not less than 153 days. Correctly chosenmethod of cultivation allows keeping plants safe after wintering and ensuresthe maximum harvest. The proposed sprout method of cultivation increases theintensity of stem growth in the flowering phase by 2.6 times in comparison withthe long-term method of cultivation. The absence of a period of growth dormancyfor plants during sprout cultivation provides high sprouting ability up to 153days. The length of annual growth for perennial culture was 57 cm, for sprout – 115 cm.Essential oil extracted from myrtle plants grown in Crimeahas an increased content of ethers. The myrcenyl acetate ether in the Crimeanoil is a major component and its content is 35.39 %.
Keywords:
the common myrtle, Myrtus communis L., bush tree, evergreen (perennial) shrub, phenophase, growth dynamics, growth rate, essential oil, component composition.
References:
1. Jinous A., Arefeh A. Phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Myrtus communis L. // Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 2015. Vol. 1. P. 82–87.
2. Gladchenko S. V., Kulikov G. V., Makarevich I. F, et al. Myrtle tincture – new anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and tonic // Proc. of the IV intern. conf. on medical botany. Kiev, 1997. P. 437-438.
3. Kapelev I. G. Ordinary myrtle : methodical recommendations about culture and use. Yalta, 1973. 13 p.
4. Logvinenko L. A., Logvinenko I. E. Prospects of cultivation of Myrtus communis L. // Dendrology, floriculture and landscape gardening construction : proc. of intern. scient. conf., devoted to the 200th anniversary of the Nikitsky botanical garden. Yalta, 2012. P. 219.
5. Isikov V. P., Rabotyagov V. D., Hlypenko L. A., Logvinenko I. E., Logvinenko L. A., et al. Introduction and selection of aromatic and medicinal cultures: methodological and methodical aspects. Yalta, 2009. 110 p.
6. Jennings W., Shibamoto T. Qualitative analysis of Flavor and Volatiles by Glass Capillary Gas Chromatography. Toronto, 1980. 472 p.
7. Fursa D. I. Agroclimatic characteristic of the region of an agrometeorological station “Nikitsky botanical garden”. Minsk, 1992. 41 p.
8. Baykova E. V. Biomorphological approaches at an introduction of plants in Western Siberia // Flora of Asian Russia. 2013. № 1. P. 108–115.
9. Kovalyov V. N., Pavly A. I., Isakova T.I. Pharmacognostics with fundamentals of biochemistry. Kharkiv, 2000. 570 p.
10. Abbasova Z. G., Mamedova Z. A., Mamedov of R.M. Introduction of some perspective medicinal and essential oil plants in the Mardakyansky tree nursery // Chemistry of vegetable raw materials. 2009. № 1. P. 121–124.
Download article as PDF:
