Аграрный вестник Урала № 08 (126) 2014
ЭкономикаУДК:338.431.2
PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF ASSESSING FOREST LANDS
Analysis of a large number of publications related to the evaluation of natural objects and phenomena, allows drawing a conclusion that in the ecological-economic assessment of forest ecosystems questions to determine importance of the diversity of their socially useful functions in spatial-temporal dynamics of forests, as a rule, are not considered. Usually evaluated only forest resources and some ecological functions of forests, and environment forming (natural) forest potential is estimated at specified ratios. Ecological-economic evaluation of forests was used in developing the methodology of rational forest nature management in the system of ecological security of the regions, the Foundation of the concept of environmentally sustainable development of territories. The authors in accordance with this methodology are formulated basic principles (principal starting points of the theory) assessment of forest ecosystems, are considered economic equivalents natural forest indicators. Characteristic of forest ecosystems as part of the economic sphere is the most important evaluation stage, here on the basis of consideration of the assessed ecological system is built description from the perspective of its role in the economic sphere. In this paper a criterion for the assessment of forest ecosystems is the discounted value of the rental income as the difference between the total potential economic effect of all forest goods over a long period of time and expenditures of forest reproduction, conservation and protection of forests, the formulas for evaluation environment regulating functions of forests, the cost of the role of pure stands in the maintenance of air composition of the atmosphere for the period of one turnover logging, and costs of water regulation and the role of forests. The methodology, principles and practice of ecological-economic evaluation of forests allow more reliable than existing approaches to determine the social importance of forest ecosystems; these estimates are the fundamental basis of a permit (connections) of short-term interests of individual forest users in maximizing income and long-term preferences of society in the conservation of natural-resource potential of the territories.
Keywords:
ecological-economic assessment, forest ecosystems, economic equivalents, assessment of natural objects, spatial-temporal dimension
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