Аграрный вестник Урала № 12 (130) 2014
АгрономияУДК:633.112.9«324»:631.526.32
ECOLOGICAL ESTIMATION OF VARIETIES WINTER TRITICALE
The results of studies to identify the most adapted to the concrete agricultural and ecological conditions varieties of winter triticale. During the 2008–2012 period on-experiences in the environmental field the variety trials studied 11 varieties. Determine their yield and calculate the parameters of ecological plasticity and stability. The soil of experimental plots of sod-podzolic medium loamy soil environment with reaction from strongly acidic to neutral (3.6–6.3), with a very low content of humus (1.60–1.81 %), a high content of mobile phosphorus (185–307 mg/kg soil), very high — exchangeable potassium (215–308 mg/kg soil). In assessing the ecological plasticity varieties of winter triticale, Set-Leno, all grades except grades Bard, Izhevsk 2 and Consul significantly react to measurable growing conditions. The greatest ecological plasticity characterized varieties Zimogor (bi ) = 1.13 and the Legion (bi ) = 1.14. Coefficient stability in different growing conditions were the best grade Vocalise (S2 d) = 4.61. Grade 2 is characterized Izhevsk, was considered as an extensive high-yield variability from year to year (S2 d = 93.99). Varieties Consul and Zimogor formed the highest average yield for 4 years, which was appropriately 3.55 and 3.52 t/ha. Variety Izhevskaya 2 formed the high productivity in unfavorable 2010 and 2012, which were appropriately 1.56 and 4.02 t/ha. We identified share factor in shaping productivity. So, influence of vegetation conditions was 86.7 %, varietal char- acteristics — 6.7 %, the interaction of factors “variety — year” — 6.5 %. Zimogor and Legion were most plastic, the ecologi- cal plasticity coefficient was appropriately 1.13 and 1.14, the most stable was variety Vokaliz (coefficient of stability is 4.61). These varieties are recommended for breeding to create varieties of winter triticale for the Medium Ural.
Keywords:
winter triticale, variety, yield, plasticity, adaptation
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