Аграрный вестник Урала № 10 (102) 2012
АгрономияУДК: —
Dynamics of acidity of chernozem of leached under the influence oflong use organic-mineral of system of fertilizers in the conditionsof a forest-steppe zone of Zauralye
Now a primary factor in increase of efficiency ofan arable land are the mineral fertilizers which long use makesessential impact on pedogenesis.In a forest-steppe zone of Zauralye chernozems of leached, involvedin arable fund, develop in the conditions of constant deficiency oforganic substance against the raised biogene carrying out alkalineearth cations and processes of leached. Itleads to increase of acidity and deterioration of the basic chemicalcharacteristics of chernozems. Long-term researches have shown, thatapplication of fertilizers under spring wheat and an oats onproductivity to 4.0 t/hectares of grain in a grain crop rotation withoccupied steam against to plouwing down the crushed straw does notrender negative action on exchange acidity and the sum of theexchange cations which throughout 18 years were in a stablecondition. Application of fertilizers on productivity of grain of 5.0t/hectares within 15 years promotes decrease in the sum of theexchange cations with 21.9 to 18.6 mg-ekv./100 g soils owing tobiogene carrying out of calcium and magnesium from a soil-absorbingcomplex to what increase of hydroliticacidities with 2.3 to 3.6 mg-ekv/100 g soils testifies. The maximumsaturation of a crop rotation mineral fertilizers (NPK on 6.0t/hectares of grain) worsens chemical properties of an arable layerthrough 2 rotations of a grain crop rotation with occupied steam.
Keywords:
eachedchernozem, plowinghorizon,mineral fertilizers, exchangeacidity, hydrolitic acidity, soil-absorbingcomplex, physicaland chemical properties, pedogenesis.
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